In music theory, what does modulation typically signify?

Modulation signifies the movement from one key to another within a composition, which can create contrast, build tension, or provide a fresh perspective on musical material. It is a fundamental concept in music theory because shifting between keys can enhance the emotional and structural depth of a piece. By changing keys, composers can take the listener on a journey, offering variety and engaging the audience’s attention. This technique is often used in various genres of music, from classical to contemporary, and plays a crucial role in developing motifs and themes throughout a work. Modulation does not relate specifically to the end of a piece, new instrumentation, or the use of silence, which are distinct concepts in music composition.