What does "con" mean in musical terms?

In musical terms, "con" is derived from the Italian word meaning "with." This term often appears in various musical instructions and expressions, indicating that something should be done in conjunction or cooperation with another element. For example, in phrases like "con moto" (with motion) or "con brio" (with brilliance), the "con" signifies that the characteristics or styles should be applied collectively. This highlights the importance of performing music in a way that enhances the intended expression or emotion, illustrating a collaborative nature in musical performance.

The other choices do not align with the established meanings in music terminology. "Against" and "before" bear different implications that do not fit the context, while "after" refers more to a temporal relationship rather than a descriptive directive in music. Hence, understanding "con" as meaning "with" is essential for interpreting many musical directives correctly.