What is the definition of "tenuto" in musical notation?

The term "tenuto" in musical notation instructs the performer to hold a note for its full value. This means that if a note is marked with a tenuto symbol (a horizontal line above or below the note), it should be sustained for the entire duration indicated in the score without rushing or shortening it. This technique enhances the expressiveness of the music, allowing the player to convey a sense of weight and importance to the note being played.

Holding the note for its full value can also imply a slight emphasis on the note, allowing it to blend in smoothly with the musical phrase. In contexts where tenuto is used, it often signifies that the note sounds fuller and more resonant compared to notes that are played shorter or in a staccato manner.

The other options refer to different notational techniques: gradually softer indicates a dynamic change known as "decrescendo," gradually louder pertains to "crescendo," and returning to the original tempo relates to a term like "a tempo." Each of these serves a distinct purpose in musical expression that is separate from the concept of sustaining a note, which is the essence of tenuto.