Which of the following describes an authentic cadence?

An authentic cadence is characterized by a strong sense of resolution that occurs when a musical phrase concludes on the tonic chord after moving from the dominant chord. This cadence typically involves the progression from the dominant (V) chord fulfilling its role; it naturally resolves to the tonic (I) chord, solidifying the tonal center.

In the context of the correct answer, identifying a cadence that ends with the dominant indicates that the resolution is expected and conclusive. The cadence itself is recognized for its ability to create a feeling of completion in music, which is a fundamental aspect of cadences in general. Authentic cadences are particularly strong because they provide a clear and definitive ending to musical phrases, making them essential in the structure of Western music.

The other options describe different concepts in music theory. For instance, a cadence that moves from IV to I describes a plagal cadence, which is typically softer and less conclusive than an authentic cadence. Mentioning a cadence that features a leading tone aligns more with the concept of melodic resolution rather than a full chordal cadence. Lastly, a deceptive resolution diverges from the expected progression, creating surprise rather than resolution, which contrasts with the intentionality of an authentic cadence.